—\u00a0Jacques Diriclet<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na, bunlar\u0131n \u00fclkelerin onay\u0131na sunulmas\u0131na ve uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesine dayal\u0131 olan ILO (Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc) standartlar\u0131 sistemi \u00e7er\u00e7evesi yine sald\u0131r\u0131 alt\u0131nda. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 101. Oturumda i\u015fverenler grubunun, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n 87 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sonucu oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fine meydan okumaya karar vermesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterece\u011fimiz gibi bu sald\u0131r\u0131 2013 ve 2014 y\u0131llar\u0131nda da s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
1948’de ILO, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin 87 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi kabul etti. 1949’da bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme hakk\u0131 ve toplu pazarl\u0131k ile ilgili 98 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle tamamland\u0131. O g\u00fcnden bu yana ILO organlar\u0131 tekrar tekrar grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n 87 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin sonucu oldu\u011funu teyit etmi\u015ftir, \u00f6zellikle de “\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctleri i\u015f programlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek hakk\u0131na sahiptirler<\/strong>” \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 ko\u015fan 2. maddesinin ve “\u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na hizmet ve bu \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 savunma amac\u0131<\/em>” i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131n\u0131yor olmas\u0131n\u0131n (madde 10).<\/p>\n 1951’de kurulan ve 87 ile 98 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ihlali y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u015fikayetleri inceleyen \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Komitesi, i\u015fleyi\u015finin ilk y\u0131l\u0131nda “grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin temel bir hakk\u0131 oldu\u011funa<\/em>” karar vermi\u015ftir. Uzmanlar Komitesi, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin temel bir hakk\u0131 oldu\u011funu tekrar tekrar teyit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 1957’de Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Konferans\u0131 \u00fcye devletlere y\u00f6nelik bir karar alarak “i\u015f\u00e7ilerin, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7erecek bi\u00e7imde, sendikal haklar\u0131n etkin ve k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131z bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan yasalar<\/em>” \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Her y\u0131l Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Konferans\u0131’n\u0131n senelik oturumu esnas\u0131nda, Standartlar\u0131n Uygulanmas\u0131 Komitesi di\u011fer \u015feylerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00f6zellikle standartlar\u0131n ciddi ihlalini i\u00e7eren yirmi be\u015f vakay\u0131 da inceler.<\/p>\n 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 1927’den beri ilk kez i\u015fverenler grubu 87 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ihlali vakalar\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine kat\u0131lmay\u0131 reddetti. Bir \u00f6nko\u015ful olarak, Komitenin sonu\u00e7 metninde kendi ihtilaflar\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ettiler: \u0130\u015fverenler grubunun de\u011ferlendirmesine g\u00f6re “Grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri i\u00e7erisinde hukuki bir temeli yok<\/strong>“tu.<\/p>\n 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Komite \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 baltalama tehdidinde bulunan i\u015fverenlerin \u015fantaj\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan ILO \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Grubu, yirmi be\u015f vakan\u0131n gere\u011fi gibi incelenebilmesi i\u00e7in, talep ettikleri ifadenin sonu\u00e7 metninde yer almas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti.<\/p>\n 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Grubu bu ifadeyi reddetti ve bu durum yirmi be\u015f vakadan sadece be\u015finin incelenebilmesiyle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n Bu sebepten dolay\u0131 k\u00f6leli\u011fin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda olan y\u00f6ntemlere kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men i\u015f\u00e7ilerin korunmas\u0131, sendikac\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k, \u00e7ocuk i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi veya Avrupa’daki kemer s\u0131kma programlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesindeki istihdam politikalar\u0131 gibi vakalar ele al\u0131namad\u0131.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn ILO’nun do\u011frudan temelini tehdit eden bu sald\u0131r\u0131 yeni bir boyut kazan\u0131yor. Ama asl\u0131nda sald\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nceden ilan edilmi\u015fti. 1998’de ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Bill Clinton’\u0131n himayesinde bir Temel Haklar Deklarasyonu kabul edilmi\u015fti. Bu deklarasyon “iyi niyetle temel haklarla ilgili ilkelere sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterme, bunlar\u0131 ilerletme ve uygulama<\/strong>” \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapmaktayd\u0131.(1)<\/strong> Bir “ilerleme” veya geli\u015fim olarak sunulan bu deklarasyon s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin onaylanmas\u0131na e\u015fde\u011fer de\u011fildir. 87 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme, t\u00fcm s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler gibi \u015funu belirtmektedir: “Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fme sadece onaylar\u0131 Genel Direkt\u00f6r’de kaydedilmi\u015f olan Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc \u00dcyeleri \u00fczerinde ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/em>” Bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi onaylayan Devletlerin bunu ulusal kanunlar\u0131na ge\u00e7irme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin ABD halen 87 ve 98 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerle ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc halen bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri onaylamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bas\u0131n\u00e7<\/strong> uyguland\u0131: \u0130\u015fverenler Grubu “uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma standartlar\u0131n\u0131 denetlemenin \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir yap\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revi olmas\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerle i\u015fverenlerin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 yans\u0131tmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini”<\/strong> ilan etti. \u201c\u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda patronlar baz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli, di\u011ferleri i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 bir yorumu uygulamaya koymak istiyorlar.<\/p>\n Bug\u00fcn grev hakk\u0131na meydan okunurken<\/strong>, onlar da yeni bir a\u015famaya ge\u00e7meye meyilliler. T\u00fcm bir standartlar sistemi tehdit alt\u0131nda: bir y\u00fczy\u0131la yak\u0131n bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ILO \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde olu\u015fturulmu\u015f olan uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma standartlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi ve izleme istemi do\u011frudan tehdit ediliyor.<\/p>\n Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz haziran ay\u0131nda ILO k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fcnden Fransa \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Bakan\u0131 Fran\u00e7ois Rebsamen “ILO’nun de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi”<\/strong> ve sosyal diyalog \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde “sosyal ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n”<\/strong> getirilmesini \u00f6nerdi. “Standartlar\u0131 yorumlama sorunu bu \u015fekilde netle\u015ftirilmeli ve \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir konsens\u00fcs \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Fransa, \u00d6rg\u00fct i\u00e7erisinde esnek ve ekonomik y\u00f6ntemlerle yap\u0131lacak bir yorumlama mekanizmas\u0131ndan yana oldu\u011funu yeniden teyit etmektedir”.<\/p>\n “Esneklik” tam bir dereg\u00fclasyon anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Sadece birka\u00e7 hafta \u00f6nce esneklik ad\u0131na Fransa i\u015fverenler \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc Medef Ba\u015fkan\u0131, Fransa’n\u0131n, i\u015fverenlere bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in me\u015fru sebep g\u00f6stermelerini \u015fart ko\u015fan 158 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye onay\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015f\u00e7i \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini ve onlar\u0131n grev hakk\u0131ndan ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lamayacak olan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini savunmakla, 1944 Philadelphia Deklarasyonu ile yeniden teyit edilmi\u015f olan 1919’daki orjinal misyonu ile ILO’yu savunmak aras\u0131nda bir fark yoktur. Ve bu, i\u015fverenlerin azg\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcne ve onlar\u0131n hizmetindeki h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerin haklar\u0131n\u0131 savunmak i\u00e7in bize bir manivela kuvveti verir.<\/p>\n Bu konular bug\u00fcn her zamankinden daha \u00f6nemlidir!<\/p>\n Notlar:<\/strong> —\u00a0Jacques Diriclet Uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na, bunlar\u0131n \u00fclkelerin onay\u0131na sunulmas\u0131na ve uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesine dayal\u0131 olan ILO (Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc) standartlar\u0131 sistemi \u00e7er\u00e7evesi yine sald\u0131r\u0131 alt\u0131nda. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 101. Oturumda i\u015fverenler grubunun, grev hakk\u0131n\u0131n 87 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sonucu oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fine meydan okumaya karar vermesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterece\u011fimiz gibi bu sald\u0131r\u0131 2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[186],"tags":[189,188,187],"class_list":["post-1244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-7-sayi-17-subat-2015","tag-grev-hakki","tag-ilo","tag-jacques-diriclet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1244"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1259,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1244\/revisions\/1259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}ILO’nun t\u00fcm bir standartlar ve denetim sistemine kar\u015f\u0131 kararl\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu<\/h2>\n
ILO tehdit alt\u0131nda!<\/h2>\n
\n(1)<\/strong> Referans olarak sekiz s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye de\u011finilmi\u015ftir: \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konular\u0131 \u00fczerine olanlar (87 ve 98 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler), zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yasaklayanlar (29 ve 105 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler), e\u015fit haklar \u00fczerine olanlar (111 ve 151 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler) ve \u00e7ocuk i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fine dair s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler (138 ve 182 say\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"