{"id":244,"date":"1937-09-24T22:00:00","date_gmt":"1937-09-24T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/yenicms\/?p=244"},"modified":"2015-05-26T15:37:40","modified_gmt":"2015-05-26T13:37:40","slug":"pasifizm-ve-cin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/?p=244","title":{"rendered":"Pasifizm ve \u00c7in"},"content":{"rendered":"

http:\/\/www.marksist.net\/kitaplik\/onlineKitap\/CU\/59.htm<\/a> adresinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

— Lev Tro\u00e7ki 1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctleri de dahil, bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fctleri denen \u00f6rg\u00fctler sava\u015fa en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir engel bile olu\u015fturmazlar. Komintern taraf\u0131ndan organize edilen say\u0131s\u0131z bar\u0131\u015f konferanslar\u0131, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir etkiye bile sahip olmayan s\u0131rf teatral te\u015febb\u00fcslerdir; sava\u015f zaman\u0131nda t\u00fcm bu bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nderleri, t\u00fcm bu dindar ve insanc\u0131l han\u0131mefendi ve beyefendiler, t\u0131pk\u0131 1914-1918\u2019de yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gibi y\u00fczlerini kendi h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerine d\u00f6neceklerdir, elbette ki sava\u015fta onlar\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn sava\u015f\u0131n patlak vermesini engelleyen yeg\u00e2ne politik fakt\u00f6r, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin toplumsal bir devrimden duydu\u011fu korkudur. Hitler bunu defalarca belirtti. Bunun mant\u0131ksal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeliyiz: \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ne kadar devrimciyse, egemen emperyalist s\u0131n\u0131flara ne kadar kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karsa, bu emperyalistlerin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yeniden b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc planlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmesi o kadar engellenmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda, emperyalist \u00fclkelerle geri \u00fclkeleri, s\u00f6m\u00fcrge ve yar\u0131-s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fclkeleri birbirinden dikkatlice ay\u0131rmak zorunday\u0131z. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin bu iki gruba giren \u00fclkelerdeki ve bizzat bu \u00fclkelere d\u00f6n\u00fck tutumu ayn\u0131 olamaz. \u00c7in ve Japonya aras\u0131ndaki mevcut sava\u015f bunun klasik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Bu sava\u015f\u0131n, Japonya taraf\u0131nda, bir ya\u011fma sava\u015f\u0131, \u00c7in taraf\u0131nda ise bir ulusal savunma sava\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu kesinlikle su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ektir. Ancak Japon emperyalizminin bilin\u00e7li ve bilin\u00e7siz ajanlar\u0131 her iki \u00fclkeyi de ayn\u0131 d\u00fczleme koyabilirler.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle, \u00c7in-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kendilerinin t\u00fcm sava\u015flara, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sava\u015fa kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu il\u00e2n edenlere, ancak ac\u0131yarak ya da nefretle bakabiliriz. Sava\u015f daha \u015fimdiden bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hareketi, k\u00f6lele\u015ftirmek isteyenlerle k\u00f6lele\u015fenler aras\u0131ndaki m\u00fccadelede tarafs\u0131z kalamaz. \u00c7in\u2019deki, Japonya\u2019daki ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hareketi t\u00fcm g\u00fcc\u00fcyle Japon emperyalist e\u015fk\u0131yalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koymal\u0131 ve \u00c7in halk\u0131n\u0131 ve onun ordusunu desteklemelidir.<\/p>\n

Bu, \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmetine ve \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek\u2019e k\u00f6r bir g\u00fcveni hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde gerektirmez. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve her\u015feyden \u00f6nce 1925-27\u2019de, general \u00c7an, yabanc\u0131 emperyalizmin ajanlar\u0131 olan Kuzeyin \u00c7inli generallerine kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc askeri m\u00fccadelede de i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine muhta\u00e7t\u0131. Sonunda, 1927-28\u2019de kendi silahl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini ezip ge\u00e7ti. Komintern\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl politikalar\u0131n\u0131n sonucu olan bu deneyimden dersler \u00e7\u0131karmal\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri Japon i\u015fgaline kar\u015f\u0131 me\u015fru ve ilerici ulusal sava\u015fa kat\u0131l\u0131rken, \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden tam politik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131<\/em> korumak zorundad\u0131rlar. \u00c7in Kom\u00fcnist Partisi t\u0131pk\u0131 1924-25\u2019teki gibi, \u00c7in i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hareketini bir kez daha politik olarak \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek\u2019e ve Kuomintang\u2019a teslim etmek i\u00e7in \u015fiddetli bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6steriyor. Bu haydi haydi korkun\u00e7 bir su\u00e7tur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ikinci kez i\u015flenmektedir. 2<\/a><\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin \u201ct\u00fcm sava\u015flara kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funu\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda ve kendi ordular\u0131n\u0131n yava\u015f yava\u015f pasif bir ihanet tutumuna s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesinde de\u011fil, sava\u015fa kat\u0131lmas\u0131nda, \u00c7in halk\u0131na maddi ve manevi yard\u0131mda bulunmas\u0131nda ve bunlarla e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve i\u015f\u00e7i kitleleri Kuomintang\u2019dan ve onun h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ruhuyla e\u011fitmesinde yatmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek\u2019i bir sava\u015f y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in ele\u015ftirmeyiz. Hay\u0131r. Onu, bu sava\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fekilde, yeterli enerjiyi g\u00f6stermeksizin, halka ve bilhassa da i\u015f\u00e7ilere g\u00fcvenmeksizin y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in ele\u015ftiririz.<\/p>\n

Bu berbat \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada \u00c7in\u2019e ve Japonya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 ayn\u0131 tutumu tak\u0131nan bir pasifist, lokavt\u0131 grevle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan birine benzer. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hareketi s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin lokavt\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ama s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclenlerin grevinden yanad\u0131r. Dahas\u0131 grevler de, genellikle grev s\u0131ras\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 hareketine ihanet edebilecek sahtekarlarca y\u00f6netilirler. Ama bu, i\u015f\u00e7iler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan greve kat\u0131lmay\u0131 reddetmenin bir gerek\u00e7esi de\u011fil tersine, i\u015f\u00e7i kitlelerini, \u00f6nderli\u011fin ihanetine ve kusurlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 seferber etmenin gerek\u00e7esidir. Genellikle, bir grev esnas\u0131nda ya da grevden sonra \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc kitleler, kendi \u00f6nderliklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirirler. Bu bal gibi \u00c7in\u2019de de ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir. Ama bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, ancak \u00c7in ve uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri Japonya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019i desteklerse, halk\u0131n lehine olabilir.<\/p>\n

  1. Bu makale, gazetec, Roger Devlin’in sorular\u0131na verilen yan\u0131tt\u0131r.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  2. \u00c7KP ile \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek aras\u0131ndaki yak\u0131nla\u015fma Aral\u0131k 1936\u2019daki Sian Olay\u0131 ile birlikte ba\u015flad\u0131. Man\u00e7urya Kuomintang\u0131 kendi topraklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal eden Japonya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmakta m\u0131r\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131n eden \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek\u2019e k\u0131z\u0131p onu tutuklam\u0131\u015f, \u00c7KP de \u00c7an\u2019\u0131n serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in araya girmi\u015fti. 10 \u015eubat 1937\u2019de \u00c7an\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi bir telgrafta \u00c7KP, toprak reformunu durdurmaya, KMT\u2019yi y\u0131kma \u00e7abalar\u0131na son vermeye, Yenan civar\u0131nda elinde tuttu\u011fu topraklar\u0131 reorganize etmeye, kendi birliklerini KMT komutas\u0131 alt\u0131na sokmaya ve sava\u015f boyunca \u00c7an Kay-\u015fek\u2019in politik \u00f6nderli\u011fini b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kabullenmeye haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu bildirmi\u015fti. KMT, bu uzla\u015fmay\u0131, sava\u015f\u0131n ciddi boyutlarla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1937\u2019nin sonlar\u0131nda kabul etti. 1938\u2019de, \u00c7ou En-lai b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6sterilerle KMT\u2019ye yeniden kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve Askeri Konseyin politik e\u011fitim kurulunun yard\u0131mc\u0131 bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na atand\u0131.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    http:\/\/www.marksist.net\/kitaplik\/onlineKitap\/CU\/59.htm<\/a> adresinden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    — Lev Tro\u00e7ki{footnote}Bu makale Roger Devlin adl\u0131 bir gazetecinin sorunlar\u0131na verilen yan\u0131tt\u0131r.{\/footnote}<\/p>\n

    \u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctleri de dahil, bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6rg\u00fctleri denen \u00f6rg\u00fctler sava\u015fa en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir engel bile olu\u015fturmazlar. Komintern taraf\u0131ndan organize edilen say\u0131s\u0131z bar\u0131\u015f konferanslar\u0131, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir etkiye bile sahip olmayan s\u0131rf teatral te\u015febb\u00fcslerdir; sava\u015f zaman\u0131nda t\u00fcm bu bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nderleri, t\u00fcm bu dindar ve insanc\u0131l han\u0131mefendi ve beyefendiler, t\u0131pk\u0131 1914-1918\u2019de yapt\u0131klar\u0131 gibi y\u00fczlerini kendi h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerine d\u00f6neceklerdir, elbette ki sava\u015fta onlar\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c44-bildiriler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=244"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1350,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/244\/revisions\/1350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}