{"id":258,"date":"2013-03-24T19:07:49","date_gmt":"2013-03-24T19:07:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/yenicms\/?p=258"},"modified":"2014-07-03T22:45:10","modified_gmt":"2014-07-03T20:45:10","slug":"ezen-uelkeler-ezilen-uelkeler-emperyalizm-ve-ulusal-sorun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/?p=258","title":{"rendered":"\u201cEzen \u00dclkeler\u201d, \u201cEzilen \u00dclkeler\u201d, Emperyalizm ve Ulusal Sorun"},"content":{"rendered":"

— Fran\u00e7ois FORGUE 1<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Arjantin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u0131n nisan ay\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda, eskiden bir ulusal \u015firket olan ve 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilerek \u00e7o\u011funluk hisseleri bir \u0130spanyol \u015firketine sat\u0131lan YPF adl\u0131 petrol \u015firketinin k\u0131smi yeniden millile\u015ftirilme s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatt\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin s\u00f6z konusu tasarrufu bir kamula\u015ft\u0131rma eylemi, yani devrimci bir operasyon da de\u011fildi. Arjantin devleti sadece \u015firketin \u00e7o\u011funluk hisselerini (y\u00fczde 51) kendine almak istiyordu. Kald\u0131 ki, bir mahkeme de \u0130spanyol \u015firketine ne kadar tazminat \u00f6denece\u011fine karar verecekti. Yani tazminats\u0131z bir kamula\u015ft\u0131rma dahi yap\u0131lm\u0131yordu. Ama \u201cVay sen misin b\u00f6yle bir skandala sebebiyet veren h\u00fck\u00fcmet?\u201d<\/p>\n

18 Nisan 2012 tarihli Financial Times<\/em>\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fyaz\u0131s\u0131 \u015fu ba\u015fl\u0131kla \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: \u201cSefil Bir Korsanl\u0131k Eylemi<\/em>\u201d. Ger\u00e7ekten de bir korsanl\u0131k eylemi! Hatta neredeyse bir sava\u015f ilan\u0131\u2026 San\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z Malvinas Adalar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki denetimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in buraya donanmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderen \u0130ngiliz emperyalizmi de\u011fildi de, \u015fimdi \u0130spanya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131 filosunu sevk eden bir Arjantin\u2019di s\u00f6z konusu olan. Financial Times<\/em> konuyla ilgili olarak Arjantin\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi gereken m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran Avrupa Birli\u011fi merkezli bir uluslararas\u0131 eylem \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor ve \u201cArjantin\u2019in G20 ile ili\u015fkilerinin ask\u0131ya al\u0131nmas\u0131\u201d<\/em> talebinde bulunuyordu. \u00d6te yandan, 21 Nisan tarihli The Economist<\/em> de Arjantin\u2019e \u015f\u00f6yle verip veri\u015ftiriyordu:<\/p>\n

\n

Arjantin h\u00e2l\u00e2 G20 \u00fcyesi ve uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flardan bor\u00e7 alabiliyor. Vatanda\u015flar\u0131 Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerine vizesiz seyahat edebiliyorlar. E\u011fer Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkeleri onlar\u0131n bu ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131na son verip onlar\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131rlarsa Arjantinliler kendi kad\u0131n devlet ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n izledi\u011fi politikalar\u0131n kendilerine neye mal olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f olurlar.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Demek oluyor ki, \u201cUluslar Toplulu\u011fu\u201dnun i\u00e7inde yer alan bir devletin (o devlet kapitalist dahi olsa) ve onun vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ticaret, ithalat ve seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri, emperyalist bir devletin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 zedelemeye yeltendi\u011finde geri al\u0131nabilir ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor. Her \u015fey bu kadar a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131kla ifade edilebiliyor!<\/p>\n

Tek ba\u015f\u0131na bu h\u00e2dise bile, bug\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz muazzam alt\u00fcst olu\u015flar d\u00f6neminde, Marksist emperyalizm tan\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u201cezen \u00fclkeler\u201d ile \u201cezilen \u00fclkeler\u201d ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neden alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmemiz gerekti\u011fini vurgulamak i\u00e7in yeterli bir \u00f6rnek te\u015fkil ediyor. Yani, emperyalizmin, ulusal sorunla ve genel olarak demokratik haklar 2<\/a><\/sup> konusuyla ili\u015fkisine daha dikkatlice e\u011filmemizi zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

(Yaz\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131\u00a0okumak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/a>.)<\/p>\n

  1. La V\u00e9rit\u00e9\/Ger\u00e7ek\u2019in 74. say\u0131s\u0131ndan dilimize \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li>
  2. Lenin, Kom\u00fcnist Enternasyonal Kongresine sundu\u011fu raporda \u201cezen halklar ve ezilen halklar\u201d tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u201cbir halk\u0131 ezen bir halk \u00f6zg\u00fcr olamaz\u201d<\/em> \u015feklindeki \u00fcnl\u00fc form\u00fcle referans yaparak kullan\u0131r. Ancak bu tan\u0131m, geli\u015fmi\u015f kapitalist \u00fclkelerin halklar\u0131n\u0131n da \u201ckolektif bir su\u00e7luluk\u201d i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde alg\u0131lanma riskini ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ben, Tro\u00e7ki\u2019nin \u201cezen burjuva \u00fclke ile ezilen burjuva \u00fclke aras\u0131ndaki keskin fark\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan hareketle, \u201cezen \u00fclkeler, ezilen \u00fclkeler\u201d form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmay\u0131 tercih ettim. Ku\u015fkusuz en do\u011fru bilimsel tan\u0131m \u015fu olmal\u0131d\u0131r: \u201cEmperyalist kapitalist \u00fclkeler\u201d ve \u201cemperyalist olmayan kapitalist \u00fclkeler\u201d. A\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki, h\u00e2kimiyet \u015feklinden s\u00f6z etti\u011fimizde, s\u00f6z konusu olan emperyalist h\u00e2kimiyettir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yar\u0131- s\u00f6m\u00fcrge veya eski-s\u00f6m\u00fcrge \u00fclkelerin kolonyal h\u00e2kimiyet bi\u00e7imini do\u011frudan y\u0131karak ona son vermeleri, bu \u00fclkelerin, emperyalist devletler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerini ortadan kald\u0131rmaz.[↩<\/a>]<\/span><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    — Fran\u00e7ois FORGUE{footnote}La V\u00e9rit\u00e9\/Ger\u00e7ek\u2019in 74. say\u0131s\u0131ndan dilimize \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir.{\/footnote}<\/p>\n

    Arjantin h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l\u0131n nisan ay\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda, eskiden bir ulusal \u015firket olan ve 1992 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilerek \u00e7o\u011funluk hisseleri bir \u0130spanyol \u015firketine sat\u0131lan YPF adl\u0131 petrol \u015firketinin k\u0131smi yeniden millile\u015ftirilme s\u00fcrecini ba\u015flatt\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin s\u00f6z konusu tasarrufu bir kamula\u015ft\u0131rma eylemi, yani devrimci bir operasyon da de\u011fildi. Arjantin devleti sadece \u015firketin \u00e7o\u011funluk hisselerini (y\u00fczde 51) kendine almak istiyordu. Kald\u0131 ki, bir mahkeme de \u0130spanyol \u015firketine ne kadar tazminat \u00f6denece\u011fine karar verecekti. Yani tazminats\u0131z bir kamula\u015ft\u0131rma dahi yap\u0131lm\u0131yordu. Ama \u201cVay sen misin b\u00f6yle bir skandala sebebiyet veren h\u00fck\u00fcmet?\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-45-say-mart-2013"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=258"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":900,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258\/revisions\/900"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pgbsosyalizm.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}